The expression “Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth” is a proverb that advises against being ungrateful or overly critical of a gift. Its origins trace back to ancient times, with variations appearing in multiple languages and cultures.

Historical Background

The phrase is rooted in the practice of inspecting a horse’s teeth to determine its age and overall health. When someone received a horse as a gift, checking its teeth could be seen as rude or ungrateful, implying dissatisfaction with the gift. Horses’ teeth grow longer with age, so examining them was a common way to assess their value.

Earliest References

St. Jerome (circa 400 AD): The earliest recorded version of the phrase appears in a letter written by St. Jerome, where he stated, “Noli equi dentes inspicere donati” (translated: “Never inspect the teeth of a given horse”).

John Heywood’s Proverbs (1546): The English version of the phrase was popularized in the 16th century by John Heywood, a writer known for compiling proverbs.


Modern Usage

Today, the saying serves as a reminder to appreciate gifts without questioning their value or quality. It’s often used in situations where someone appears to be scrutinizing or complaining about a gift or favor instead of expressing gratitude.

In essence, the phrase highlights the importance of gratitude and humility when receiving something freely given.

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